الدورة الثانية

Physics is considered one of the oldest academic disciplines. It began to emerge since the Middle Ages, and was distinguished as a modern science in the seventeenth century, considering that one of its branches, which is astronomy, is considered one of the most ancient cosmic sciences of all time.[6] For most of the past two thousand years, physics (natural science), chemistry, biology, and some branches of mathematics have been part of natural philosophy, but during the Scientific Revolution of the seventeenth century these natural sciences emerged as unique research endeavors in their own right. Physics intersects with many interdisciplinary areas of research Such as biophysics and quantum chemistry, and the limits of physics are not strictly defined. New ideas in physics often explain fundamental mechanisms studied by other sciences and suggest new avenues of research in academic disciplines such as mathematics and philosophy